Evaluating skincare formulations requires more than measuring a functional response. For cosmetic scientists and formulation researchers, characterizing the molecular changes associated with that response can provide additional context for comparing ingredients and investigating formulation performance. Combining human-relevant skin models with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis allows researchers to examine functional endpoints alongside molecular profiles, generating…

Wound healing research increasingly depends on models that can capture more than a single functional endpoint. Measurements such as wound closure, cell migration, viability, inflammation, antimicrobial activity, reepithelialization, and extracellular matrix remodeling can establish whether a treatment produces a biological response. The next research question may be what molecular changes accompanied that response.  Human-relevant cell and tissue models provide the biological context for…

Beauty and skincare R&D is increasingly focused on demonstrating not only whether a product produces a measurable effect, but also the biological mechanisms driving that response. Barrier function, inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, wound healing, and microbiome interactions can all provide meaningful endpoints for evaluating product performance.  Biomarker analysis adds mechanistic resolution by connecting functional outcomes with changes in specific cellular, molecular, or…

Medical device developers have more antimicrobial testing options than ever before, but selecting the right study remains a challenge. Throughout product development, teams must answer different questions about antimicrobial performance. One study may evaluate growth inhibition, while another assesses microbial killing or how an antimicrobial material performs on a device surface. The challenge is that no single…